Vol. 39 (2023)
Artículos originales

Termites (Blattodea: Isoptera) of Canada, continental USA, and Mexico: an identification key to families and genera, checklist of species, and new records for Mexico

xml xml
Manuel De Luna
Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ciudad Universitaria, Av. Universidad S/N, C.P. 66455, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México.
Scheffrahn Rudolf H.
Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U.S.A.
Roberto García-Barrios
Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ciudad Universitaria, Av. Universidad S/N, C.P. 66455, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México.
Gerardo Cuellar-Rodriguez
Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ciudad Universitaria, Av. Universidad S/N, C.P. 66455, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21829/azm.2023.3912484

Publicado 14-02-2023

Palabras clave

  • Archotermopsidae,
  • entomología forestal,
  • isópteros,
  • Kalotermitidae,
  • Rhinotermitidae,
  • Termitidae,
  • hormigas blancas
    • ...Más
    Menos

Cómo citar

De Luna, M., Rudolf H., S., García-Barrios, R., & Cuellar-Rodriguez, G. (2023). Termites (Blattodea: Isoptera) of Canada, continental USA, and Mexico: an identification key to families and genera, checklist of species, and new records for Mexico. ACTA ZOOLÓGICA MEXICANA (N.S.), 39(1), 1–30. https://doi.org/10.21829/azm.2023.3912484

Derechos de autor 2023 ACTA ZOOLÓGICA MEXICANA (N.S.)

Creative Commons License

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.

Resumen

Se propone una clave de identificación para las familias y géneros de termitas norteamericanas basadas principalmente en la casta soldado. Se presenta un listado de termitas (Insecta: Blattodea: Isoptera) de Canadá, EE. UU. continental, y México, enlistando 89 especies (y dos subespecies) agrupadas en 26 géneros y cuatro familias. Cinco especies son añadidas a la termitofauna mexicana, estos registros son para los estados de Campeche: Cryptotermes cavifrons; Quintana Roo: Cryptotermes cavifrons, Neotermes holmgreni, Neotermes phragmosus, Neotermes mona; Sonora: Incisitermes banksi; y Yucatán: Neotermes phragmosus. Se hacen otros 32 nuevos registros estatales para los estados de Aguascalientes, Baja California Sur, Campeche, Chiapas, Jalisco, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Quintana Roo, Sonora, y Yucatán. Las especies Coptotermes crassus, Coptotermes havilandi, Incisitermes perparvus, Microcerotermes strunckii, Nasutitermes costalis, Incisitermes nigritus, y Termes melindae son eliminadas de la termitofauna de esta región.

xml xml

Citas

  1. Araujo, R. L. (1970) Termites of the Neotropical Region. Pp. 527–576. In: K. Krishna, F. M. Weesner (Eds.). Biology of termites Volume II. Academic Press, New York, USA.
  2. Araujo, R. L. (1977) Catalogo dos Isoptera do Novo Mundo. Academia Brasileira de Ciências, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 92 pp.
  3. Banks, N., Snyder, T. E. (1920) A revision of the Nearctic termites, with notes on the biology and distribution of termites. United States National Museum Bulletin, 108, 1–228.
  4. Bourguignon, T., Scheffrahn, R. H., Křeček, J., Nagy, Z. T., Sonet, G., Roisin, Y. (2010) Towards a revision of the Neotropical soldierless termites (Isoptera: Termitidae): redescription of the genus Anoplotermes and description of Longustitermes, gen. nov. Invertebrate Systematics, 24, 357–370.
  5. Cancello, E. M., Myles, T. G. (2000) Isoptera. Pp. 295–315. In: J. Llorente-Bousquets, E. González-Soriano, N. Papavero (Eds.). Biodiversidad, taxonomía y biogeografía de artrópodos de México: Hacia una síntesis de su conocimiento Volumen II. CONABIO, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.
  6. Capetillo-Concepción, E., Pérez-de la Cruz, M., de la Cruz-Perez, A., Magaña-Alejandro, M. A., Torres-de la Cruz, M., Sánchez-Soto, S. (2019) Hospederos, infestación y distribución de Coptotermes testaceus (Linnaeus) (Blattodea: Rhinotermitidae) en áreas forestales de Tabasco, México. Revista Chilena de Entomología, 45, 533–543. https://dx.doi.org/10.35249/rche.45.4.19.04
  7. Constantino, R. (1994) A new genus of Nasutermitinae with mandibulate soldiers from tropical North America (Isoptera: Termitidae). Sociobiology, 25, 285–294.
  8. Constantino, R. (1998) Catalog of the living termites of the New World (Insecta: Isoptera). São Paulo Arquivos de Zoologica, 35, 135–231.
  9. Constantino, R. (2002a) Notes on the type-species and synonymy of the genus Nasutitermes (Isoptera: Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae). Sociobiology, 40, 533–537.
  10. Constantino, R. (2002b) An illustrated key to Neotropical termite genera (Insecta: Isoptera) based primarily on soldiers. Zootaxa, 67, 1–40.
  11. Evans, T. A., Forschler, B. T., Grace, J. K. (2013) Biology of invasive termites: a worldwide review. Annual Review of Entomology, 58, 455–474. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ento-120811-153554
  12. Ferraz, M. V., Méndez-Montiel, J. T. (2004) First record of a subterranean termite, Coptotermes havilandi Holmgren (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), on the west coast of North America (Mexico). Acta Zoológica Mexicana (nueva serie), 20, 39–43. https://doi.org/10.21829/azm.2004.2022326
  13. Ricart., M. G., Bach-de Roca, C., Molero-Baltanás, R. (2015) Orden Isoptera. Revista IDE@ - Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa, 49, 1–17.
  14. Gay, F. J. (1967) A world review of introduced species of termites. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Bulletin, 286, 1–88.
  15. Gay, F. J. (1969) Species introduced by man. Pp. 459–494. In: K. Krishna, F. M. Weesner (Eds.). Biology of termites Volume I. Academic Press, New York, USA.
  16. Goellner, E. J. (1931) A new species of termite, Reticulitermes arenincola, from the sand dunes of Indiana and Michigan, along the shores of Lake Michigan. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 33, 227–234.
  17. Harris, W. V. (1960) Two new termites of the family Termitidae (Isoptera). Annals and Magazine of Natural History – Series, 13 (3), 253–256.
  18. Hernández, L. M., Armas, L. F. (1995) Armitermes intermedius Snyder, 1922 (Isoptera: Termitidae), nuevo termite para la fauna de México. Avicennia, 3, 49–51.
  19. Hernández-Rodríguez, S., López-Hernández, J., Valdés-Perezgasga, M. T., Sánchez-Ramos, F. J., Cueto-Medina, S. M., Castillo-Martínez, A. (2015) Termitas subterráneas que causan daño a edificios en el área urbana de Torreón, Coahuila, México. Entomología Mexicana, 2, 701–705.
  20. Jones, D. T., Eggleton, P. (2001) Global biogeography of termites: a compilation of sources. Pp. 477–498. In: D. E. Bignell, Y. Roisin, N. Lo (Eds.). Biology of termites: a modern synthesis. Springer, Heidelberg, Germany.
  21. Krishna, K. (1961) A generic revision and phylogenetic study of the family Kalotermitidae (Isoptera). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 122, 309–408.
  22. Krishna, K. (1962) New species and hitherto undescribed imago caste of the genus Calcaritermes Snyder (Isoptera, Kalotermitidae). American Museum Novitates, 2098, 1–13.
  23. Krishna, K. (1969) Introduction. Pp 1–17. In: K. Krishna, F. M. Weesner (Eds.). Biology of termites Volume I. Academic Press, New York, USA.
  24. Krishna, K. (1970) Taxonomy, phylogeny, and distribution of termites. Pp. 127–152. In: K. Krishna, F. M. Weesner (Eds.). Biology of termites Volume II. Academic Press, New York, USA.
  25. Krishna, K., Emerson, A. E. (1962) New species of the genus Glyptotermes Froggatt from the Papuan, Oriental, Ethiopian, and Neotropical regions (Isoptera, Kalotermitidae). American Museum Novitates, 2089, 1–65.
  26. Krishna, K., Grimaldi, D. A., Krishna, V., Engel, M. S. (2013a) Treatise on the Isoptera of the world Volume 1 Introduction. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 377, 1–200.
  27. Krishna, K., Grimaldi, D. A., Krishna, V., Engel, M. S. (2013b) Treatise on the Isoptera of the world Volume 2 Basal Families. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 377, 201–622.
  28. Krishna, K., Grimaldi, D. A., Krishna, V., Engel, M. S. (2013c) Treatise on the Isoptera of the world Volume 3 Neoisoptera excluding Termitidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 377, 623–972.
  29. Krishna, K., Grimaldi, D. A., Krishna, V., Engel, M. S. (2013d) Treatise on the Isoptera of the world Volume 4 Termitidae (Part One). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 377, 793–1494.
  30. Krishna, K., Grimaldi, D. A., Krishna, V., Engel, M. S. (2013e) Treatise on the Isoptera of the world Volume 5 Termitidae (Part Two). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 377, 1495–1988.
  31. Krishna, K., Grimaldi, D. A., Krishna, V., Engel, M. S. (2013f) Treatise on the Isoptera of the world Volume 6 Termitidae (Part Three), incertae sedis, taxa excluded from Isoptera. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 377, 1989–2432.
  32. Light, S. F. (1930a) The California species of the genus Amitermes silvestri (Isoptera). University of California Publications in Entomology, 5, 173–214.
  33. Light, S. F. (1930b) The Mexican species of Amitermes silvestri (Isoptera). University of California Publications in Entomology, 5, 215–233.
  34. Light, S. F. (1932) Contribution toward a revision of the American species of Amitermes Silvestri. University of California Publications in Entomology, 5, 355–414.
  35. Light, S. F. (1933) Termites of western Mexico. University of California Publications in Entomology 6, 79–164.
  36. Light, S. F. (1934a) A world view of termites. Pp. 117–126. In: C. A. Kofoid (Ed.). Termites and termite control 2nd Edition. University of California Press, Berkeley, USA.
  37. Light, S. F. (1934b) The termite fauna of North America with special reference to the United States. Pp. 127–135. In: C. A. Kofoid (Ed.). Termites and termite control 2nd Edition. University of California Press, Berkeley, California, USA.
  38. Light, S. F. (1934c) The termite fauna of Mexico and its economic significance. Pp. 334–339. In: C. A. Kofoid (Ed.). Termites and termite control 2nd Edition. University of California Press, Berkeley, California, USA.
  39. Light, S. F. (1935) The Templeton Crocker Expedition of the California Academy of Sciences, 1932. No. 20. The termites. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 4 (21), 233–256.
  40. Light, S. F. (1937) Contributions to the biology and taxonomy of Kalotermes (Paraneotermes) simplicicornis Banks (Isoptera). University of California Publications in Entomology, 6, 423–463.
  41. Lim, S. Y., Forschler, B. T. (2012) Reticulitermes nelsonae, a new species of subterranean termite (Rhinotermitidae) from the southeastern United States. Insects, 3, 62–90.
  42. Maiti, P. K. (2006) A taxonomic monograph on the world species of termites of the family Rhinotermitidae (Isoptera: Insecta). Memoirs of the Zoological Survey of India, 20, 1–272.
  43. Méndez-Montiel, J. T., Equihua-Martínez, A. (2001) Diversidad y manejo de los termes de México (Hexapoda, Isoptera). Acta Zoológica Mexicana (nueva serie), Número especial 1, 173–187. https://doi.org/10.21829/azm.2001.8401850
  44. Mill, A. E. (1983) Generic keys to the soldier caste of New World Termitidae (Isoptera: Insecta). Systematic Entomology, 8, 179–190.
  45. Myles, T. G. (1995) New records of drywood termite introduction, interception and extirpation in Ontario. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Ontario, 126, 77–83.
  46. Myles, T. G. (1997) A second species of the drywood termite genus Marginitermes (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae). Canadian Entomologist, 129, 757–768.
  47. Myles, T. G., Méndez-Montiel, J. T. (2017a) Familia Archotermopsidae. Pp. 99–102. In: D. Cibrián-Tovar (Ed.). Fundamentos de Entomología Forestal. Universidad Autónoma de Chapingo, Estado de Mexico, Mexico.
  48. Myles, T. G., Méndez-Montiel, J. T. (2017b) Familia Kalotermitidae. Pp. 103–106. In: D. Cibrián-Tovar (Ed.). Fundamentos de Entomología Forestal. Universidad Autónoma de Chapingo, Estado de Mexico, Mexico.
  49. Myles, T. G., Méndez-Montiel, J. T. (2017c) Familia Rhinotermitidae. Pp. 97–110. In: D. Cibrián-Tovar (Ed.). Fundamentos de Entomología Forestal. Universidad Autónoma de Chapingo, Estado de Mexico, Mexico.
  50. Myles, T. G., Méndez-Montiel, J. T. (2017d) Familia Termitidae. Pp. 111–114. In: D. Cibrián-Tovar (Ed.). Fundamentos de Entomología Forestal. Universidad Autónoma de Chapingo, Estado de Mexico, Mexico.
  51. Nalepa, C. A. (1998) Distribution of Kalotermes approximatus (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae) in North Carolina. The Florida Entomologist, 81, 251–254.
  52. Nickle, D. A., Collins, M. S. (1989) Key to the Kalotermitidae of eastern United States with a new Neotermes from Florida (Isoptera). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 91, 269–285.
  53. Nickle, D. A., Collins, M. S. (1990) The termite fauna (Isoptera) in the vicinity of Chamela, state of Jalisco, Mexico. Folia Entomológica Mexicana, 77, 65–122.
  54. Nickle, D. A., Collins, M. S. (1992) The termites of Panama (Isoptera). Pp. 208–241. In: D. Quintero, A. Aiello (Eds.). Insects of Panama and Mesoamerica: selected studies. Oxford University Press, Oxford, United Kingdom.
  55. Nutting, W. L. (1969) Distribution and flights of rare North American desert termites of the genus Amitermes (Isoptera: Termitidae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 45, 320–325.
  56. Nutting, W. L. (1970) Composition and size of some termite colonies in Arizona and Mexico. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 63, 1105–1110.
  57. Nutting, W. L. (1990) Insecta: Isoptera. Pp. 997–1032. In: D. L. Dindal (Ed.). Soil Biology. Wiley, New York, USA.
  58. Scheffrahn, R. A. (2011) Distribution, diversity, mesonotal morphology, gallery architecture, and queen physogastry of the termite genus Calcaritermes (Isoptera, Kalotermitidae). ZooKeys, 148, 41–53. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.148.1505
  59. Scheffrahn, R. A. (2016) Parvitermes (Isoptera, Termitidae, Nasutermitinae) in Central America: Two new termite species and reassignment of Nasutitermes mexicanus. ZooKeys, 617, 47–63. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.617.10040
  60. Scheffrahn, R. A. (2020a) University of Florida Termite Collection. Available from: http://www.termitediversity.org (access August 30, 2020).
  61. Scheffrahn, R. A. (2020b) First records of the termite, Termes hispaniolae (Banks, 1918) (Isoptera, Termitidae, Termitinae), from Bolivia and new Caribbean Basin records. Check List, 16, 271–276. https://doi.org/10.15560/16.2.271
  62. Scheffrahn, R. A. (2020c) New records of the drywood termite, Incisitermes platycephalus (Light, 1933) (Isoptera, Kalotermitidae), from Central America and senior synonym of I. nigritus (Snyder, 1946). Check List, 16, 501–505. https://doi.org/10.15560/16.2.501
  63. Scheffrahn, R. H., Cabrera, B. J., Kern, W. H., Su, N. Y. (2002) Nasutitermes costalis (Isoptera: Termitidae) in Florida: first record of non-endemic establishment by a higher termite. Florida Entomologist, 85, 273–275.
  64. Scheffrahn, R. H., Carrijo, T. F., Křeček, J., Su, N. Y., Szalanski, A. L., Austin, J. W., Chase, J. A., Mangold, J. R. (2015) A single endemic and three exotic species of the genus Coptotermes (Isoptera, Rhinotermitidae) in the New World. Arthropod Systematics and Phylogeny, 73, 333–348.
  65. Scheffrahn, R. H., Jones, S. C., Křeček, J., Chase, J. A., Mangold, J. R., Su, N. Y. (2003) Taxonomy, distribution, and notes on the termites (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae, Rhinotermitidae, Termitidae) of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 96, 181–201.
  66. Scheffrahn, R. A., Křeček, J. (2001) New world revision of the termite genus Procryptotermes (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 94, 530–539.
  67. Scheffrahn, R. H., Křeček, J., Chase, J. A, Maharajh, B., Mangold, J. R. (2006) Taxonomy, biogeography, and notes on termites (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae, Rhinotermitidae, Termitidae) of the Bahamas and Turks and Caicos Islands. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 99, 463–486.
  68. Scheffrahn, R. A., Křeček, J., Chase, J. A., Su, N. Y. (1998) Cryptotermes abruptus, a new drywood termite (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae) from southeastern Mexico. Florida Entomologist, 81, 188–193.
  69. Scheffrahn, R. A., Křeček, J., Su, N. Y. (2000) Redescription of the dampwood termite Neotermes jouteli and N. luykxi (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae) from Florida, Cuba, Bahamas, and Turks and Caicos Islands. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 93, 785–794.
  70. Scheffrahn, R. H., Křeček, J., Szalanski, A. L., Austin, J. W. (2005) Synonymy of neotropical arboreal termites Nasutitermes corniger and N. costalis (Isoptera: Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae), with evidence from morphology, genetics, and biogeography. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 98, 273–281.
  71. Scheffrahn, R. H., Mangold, J. R., Su, N. Y. (1988) A survey of structure-infesting termites of peninsular Florida. Florida Entomologist, 71, 615–630.
  72. Scheffrahn, R. H., Rust, M. K. (1983) Tenuirostritermes cinereus (Buckley), a Nasutitermitine termite from south central Texas (Isoptera: Termitidae). Sociobiology, 8, 77–87.
  73. Scheffrahn, R. H., Su, N. Y. (1987) A world list of species in the genus Amitermes (Isoptera: Termitidae). Sociobiology, 13, 183–190.
  74. Scheffrahn, R. H., Su, N. Y. (1994) Keys to soldier and winged adult termites (Isoptera) of Florida. Florida Entomologist, 77, 460–474.
  75. Scheffrahn, R. H., Su, N. Y. (1995) A new subterranean termite introduced to Florida: Heterotermes Froggatt (Rhinotermitidae: Heterotermitinae) established in Miami. Florida Entomologist, 78, 623–627.
  76. Scheffrahn, R. H., Su, N. Y. (2005) Distribution of the termite genus Coptotermes (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) in Florida. Florida Entomologist, 88, 201–203.
  77. Scheffrahn, R. H., Su, N. Y., Chase, J. A., Forschler, B. T. (2001) New termite (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae, Rhinotermitidae) records from Georgia. Journal of Entomological Science, 36, 109–113.
  78. Scheffrahn, R. H., Su, N. Y., Mangold, J. R. (1989) Amitermes floridensis, a new species and first record of a higher termite in the eastern United States (Isoptera: Termitidae: Termitinae). Florida Entomologist, 73, 622–627.
  79. Setter, R. R., Myles, T. G. (2005) First record of Microcerotermes (Isoptera: Termitidae: Amitermitinae) from the Continental United States, with observations on its unique Ecology. American Entomologist, 51, 96–103.
  80. Snyder, T. E. (1920) Two new termites from Arizona. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 22, 38–40.
  81. Snyder, T. E. (1922) New termites from Hawaii, Central and South America. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 61, 1–32.
  82. Snyder, T. E. (1924a) A new subgenus of Nasutitermes Banks (Isop.). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 26, 20–24.
  83. Snyder, T. E. (1924b) A non-subterranean termite in Virginia. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 26, 207–209.
  84. Snyder, T. E. (1924c) Descriptions of new species and hitherto unknown castes of termites from America and Hawaii. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 64, 1–40.
  85. Snyder, T. E. (1925a) New American termites, including a new subgenus. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 15, 197–200.
  86. Snyder, T. E. (1925b) New termites and hitherto unknown castes from the Canal Zone, Panama. Journal of Agricultural Research, 29, 179–193.
  87. Snyder, T. E. (1926a) New termites from Guatemala, Costa Rica and Colombia. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 16, 18–28.
  88. Snyder, T. E. (1926b) Notes on termites from Arizona with description of two new species. University of California Publications in Zoology, 28, 389–397.
  89. Snyder, T. E. (1926c) Races or subspecies in Reticulitermes. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 39, 1–6.
  90. Snyder, T. E. (1929) New termites from the Antilles and Middle America. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 31, 79–87.
  91. Snyder, T. E. (1933) Calcaritermes in the United States. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 35, 67–69.
  92. Snyder, T. E. (1949) Catalog of termites (Isoptera) of the world. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 112, 1–490.
  93. Snyder, T. E. (1952) A new Rugitermes from Guatemala. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 54, 303–305.
  94. Su, N. Y., Scheffrahn, R. H., Weissling, T. (1997) A new introduction of a subterranean termite, Coptotermes havilandi Holmgren (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) in Miami, Florida. Florida Entomologist, 80, 408–411.
  95. Weesner, F. M. (1969) External anatomy. Pp. 19–47. In: K. Krishna, F. M. Weesner (Eds.). Biology of termites Volume I. Academic Press, New York, USA.
  96. Weesner, F. M. (1970) Termites of the Nearctic Region. Pp. 477–525. In: K. Krishna, F. M. Weesner (Eds.). Biology of termites Volume II. Academic Press, New York, USA.