Blood-parasites (Haemosporida) of wild birds captured at different land uses within a tropical seasonal dry forest matrix
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21829/azm.2022.3812425Palabras clave:
Malaria aviar, Ecología de parásitos, Parasitología de paisaje, Conservación aviarResumen
Los hemosporidios aviares forman un grupo diverso de parásitos transmitidos por vectores que pueden perjudicar a sus hospederos y amenazar la conservación de especies susceptibles. Evaluamos la prevalencia y parasitemia de hemosporidios en aves silvestres de la Reserva de la Biósfera Sierra de Huautla, Morelos, al sur de México. Las aves se capturaron usando redes de niebla en tres tipos de hábitat (conservado, perturbado y agrícola) y durante dos temporadas (lluvias y secas). Se realizaron frotis de capa fina para su análisis microscópico. Capturamos 142 aves pertenecientes a 17 especies. Los parásitos presentes fueron Haemoproteus spp., Plasmodium spp., y microfilarias. La prevalencia fue similar entre tipos de uso de suelo (conservado (26.3 %), perturbado (36.4 %) y agrícola (29.9 %)) y temporadas (lluvias (29.7 %) y secas (29.3 %)), pero varió por género y grupo de parásito (Haemoproteus spp. (28.2%), Plasmodium spp. (2.1 %), coinfecciones (5.6 %), y microfilarias (4.9 %)). La mayoría de las aves presentó una parasitemia baja (< 0.1% de eritrocitos infectados) y solo una, con apariencia malsana, presentó alta parasitemia (> 0.5 %). Reportamos por primera vez la infección de hemoparásitos en 12 especies de aves y 16 nuevas asociaciones parásito-hospedero. Este es el primer estudio de hemoparásitos en esta región y proporciona información fundamental para investigaciones futuras.
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