Odonata (Insecta) como indicador de la calidad ambiental en humedales de montaña neotropicales
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21829/azm.2021.3712379Palabras clave:
libélulas, diversidad, Ramsar, calidad visualResumen
Con el fin de evaluar la diversidad del orden Odonata y relacionarla con la calidad del ambiente, en San Cristóbal de Las Casas (Chiapas) se eligieron cuatro humedales de acuerdo con su accesibilidad y permisibilidad. Para la tipología ambiental se consideró, entre otras características, la calidad visual, estimada a través del Índice del Estado de Conservación de Humedales (IECH). Recolectas sistemáticas mensuales de los odonatos adultos fueron realizadas entre julio de 2014 y junio de 2015. Un total de 14 especies, distribuidas en cinco familias y 10 géneros fueron encontradas. El género Argia fue el de mayor riqueza, mientras que Ischnura denticollis y Enallagma rua representaron las especies dominantes. Las Cañadas, humedal con calidad visual subóptima, presentó la mayor diversidad de libélulas al integrar un ambiente lótico. El grado de alteración de la vegetación acuática, como uno de los parámetros evaluados en la calidad visual, fue muy importante en las diferencias encontradas en la diversidad y abundancia de Odonata en los cuatro humedales. María Eugenia y La Kisst catalogados como ambientes con calidad visual óptima y regular, respectivamente, obtuvieron la mayor similitud en su odonatofauna relacionada con las distintas formas de vida de su vegetación acuática y por el tamaño equivalente de estos dos humedales.
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